This study aimed to identify the causes and factors influencing suicidal behavior among adolescents. Methodologically, it is a systematic review conducted in accordance with a structured protocol encompassing three main stages: the pre-research stage (defining the main research question and framework), the research process (including setting inclusion criteria, developing a search strategy, selecting eligible articles, and extracting data), and the post-research stage (providing an overview of the studies and synthesizing qualitative findings). A total of 43 articles met the eligibility criteria for final analysis. Descriptive results indicated that most studies employed a qualitative approach, with a notable increase in publications in recent years. Qualitative findings revealed that patterns of suicidal behavior among adolescents are influenced by multiple factors, including gender, sexual orientation, race and ethnicity, and socioeconomic status of the family. Moreover, the choice of suicide method is shaped by gender differences and access to means. The identified factors can be classified into four broad categories: individual factors, family-related factors, school and peer-related factors, and structural factors. This review highlights the lack of a multidimensional and process-oriented perspective on adolescent suicide, underscoring the need for further research adopting such an approach