نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 دانشیار گروه جامعه‌شناسی، دانشکدۀ علوم اجتماعی، دانشگاه یزد، یزد، ایران (نویسندۀ مسئول)
2 کارشناسی ارشد جامعه‌شناسی، گروه جامعه‌شناسی، دانشکدۀ علوم اجتماعی، دانشگاه یزد، یزد، ایران
3 دکترای جامعه‌شناسی اقتصاد و توسعه، گروه جامعه‌شناسی، دانشکدۀ علوم اجتماعی، دانشگاه یزد، یزد، ایران
چکیده
کلیدواژه‌ها
موضوعات
عنوان مقاله [English]
نویسندگان [English]
Abstract
Parental abuse damages the foundation of the family in the form of a hidden and invisible injury, and considering the importance of the family institution in the occurrence of many injuries, it can bring very unfavorable social consequences for the society. This study aimed to explore and interpret parental abuse among the families of Meybod city in Yazd province. We used a constructivist qualitative approach and grounded theory method. Participants were sampled purposively with different parents in Meybod. A total of 23 interviews with parents were performed. Data collection was performed through semi-structured interviews. The interview transcripts were analyzed using grounded theory coding. After analyzing the data, 11 main categories were explored which include: committing deviation, financial damage, imposing insult and humiliation, children in conditions of indignity and disrespect towards themselves.
Keywords: Parental Abuse, Violence, Violation of Dignity, Insult, Maybod.
1. Introduction
Domestic violence is a disturbing and undeniable reality in today’s world. Social and cultural changes have not only reduced the amount of violence, but have also made the family face new types of violence (Ghorori et al, 2019). Another type of family violence that has been noticed in recent years and the statistics have been increasing, is the violence of children and teenagers towards their parents (Abbaspuor et al, 2017). Children’s violence against their parents is a type of domestic violence that is now internationally recognized as a social problem (Holt, 2016). Daily media around the world present various reports about children who insult, beat, steal, assault and even kill their parents with various motives such as money, revenge, interfering in the choice of lifestyle, etc. (Muravyeva et al., 2021:1); In Iran, although there are no clear reports on parental abuse, the observations and news from the media show that this issue is increasing day by day at different levels of Iranian society. According to the statistics available since 2008, after the murder of the wife by the husband, the murder of the parents by the children is the most frequent (Sadeghi Fasaei and Shabani Afarani, 2016: 5). Parental abuse has different consequences for the individual and the family as well as for the society. As a result, it is necessary to conduct scientific and detailed research to discover why and how parents are abused. The consequences of increased parental abuse not only affect the health of the individual and the family, but also threaten the health of the society and bring irreparable mental and psychological damage to the family and society. Based on this, this research was conducted with the aim of discovering the experience and interpretation of parental abuse among the families of Meybod city, and the main question of the research is how do Meybod parents experience the abuse of their children? What are the reasons and grounds for children’s abuse towards their parents? What is the parent’s strategy in dealing with child abuse? What are the personal and social consequences of parental abuse for parents?
2. Materials and Methods
We used a qualitative approach and a grounded theory method. The grounded theory is a methodological approach (Strauss & Corbin, 1998, Charmaz, 2006). In which data collection, analysis, and theory proceeds reciprocal. Participants were sampled purposively in Meybod in Yazd province. A total of 23 interviews with parents were performed. Data collection were performed through semi-structured interviews. The interviews started with general questions and then, more specific and advanced questions were asked to achieve the purpose of the research and collect the necessary information. Every interview took approximately 60–90 minutes. For data analysis, the theoretical coding (Strause & Corbin, 1998) was utilized by three coding levels including open coding, axial coding, and selective coding. During the open coding, interview texts were reviewed and encoded line by line and a concept was assigned for the meaningful phrase of the interviewee talks. In the second level of coding, axial coding, the constructed concepts were put together and were transformed into categories that were more abstract in comparison to primary concepts. At third level of coding, categories were linked together and a core category was emerged as the final category.
3. Discussion
As mentioned above, the interview transcripts were analyzed by theoretical coding after analyzing the data, 11 main categories were explored which include committing deviation, financial damage, imposing insult and humiliation, Ignorance, stress and anxiety, social isolation, desperation, normalization, impact of parenting, aggressive environment, submission and compromise. Finally, “violation of dignity” was emerged as a core category. According to the core category, there have been a wide variety of violence that children use them against their parents. Also, regards to findings, children have used a lot of way to make their parents upset and angry such as ignoring them or being indifferent. Children’s not helping their parents in various matters is seen as their abuse. Also, the constant and consecutive stress that parents experienced by their children’s behavior caused them a lot of suffering and sadness. One of the other factors of parental abuse is children’s aggression towards their parents, which often children who grow up in violent environments commit such behaviors. In other words, Parenting is one of the important reasons for causing parental abuse. The parenting methods adopted by the parents affect the behavior of the children in the future as well as the proper upbringing. Financial problems in the family are other influential factors in parental abuse. In some families, insufficient ability to provide for children’s expenses and numerous financial conflicts are the reason for children’s mental injuries and as a result, retaliating at an older age by applying annoying behaviors to parents. As a result, children who have experienced various types of failure for various reasons, including financial or emotional reasons, in adulthood, aggression and violence are one of their reactions and defense strategies. In the face of children’s violence, some parents remain silent and others give up, and some ignore the misbehavior. Consequently, children, by performing the mentioned violent behaviors, assault the dignity and reputation of their parents and threaten the health of the family and the society as well.
4. Conclusion
As a result, based on the research explored from the interviews, it can be interpreted that parental abuse is created during the stages in which parents are one of the important elements of its creation. The influence of parenting is one of the most important factors in causing parental abuse. In fact, the annoying actions of the children are not fulfilling the expectations inherent in the role and position of parenthood, which undermines the position of the parents in the family and subsequently the society. Therefore, both parents and children have played a significant role in the formation and continuation of parental abuse, and the importance of conducting scientific and accurate research in order to reduce it and build a healthy society with healthy activist’s shows the importance of this issue. In general, according to the data obtained from the interviews, it can be said that parental abuse is increasing in recent years and is often experienced by parents in the form of verbal and emotional abuse. Finally, to improve mutual understanding, adjust functions, reduce harassment, and train emotional, interactive, and verbal skills by responsible organizations, including family support centers, counseling, mass media, etc.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
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